# Idea For each p-value, $p_i$, the q-value $q_i$ is estimated as: $ q\left(p_{(i)}\right)=\min _{t \geq i}\left\{\frac{\pi_0 \cdot n \cdot p_{(t)}}{t}\right\} $ # References - [q-value (statistics) - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q-value_(statistics)) - [Statistical significance for genomewide studies \| PNAS](https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1530509100) - [Controlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing \| Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology \| Oxford Academic](https://academic.oup.com/jrsssb/article/57/1/289/7035855?login=false) - [Direct Approach to False Discovery Rates \| Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology \| Oxford Academic](https://academic.oup.com/jrsssb/article-abstract/64/3/479/7098513?redirectedFrom=fulltext&login=false)